The nuclear interaction at Oklo 2 billion years ago

Yasunori Fujii
Nihon Fukushi University, Handa, Aichi, 475-0012 Japan
and
Institute of Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), University of Tokyo,
Tanashi, Tokyo, 188-8502 Japan

Akira Iwamoto, Tokio Fukahori, Toshihiko Ohnuki, Masayuki Nakagawa
Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)
Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 Japan

Hiroshi Hidaka
Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University
Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan

Yasuji Oura
Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University,
Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397 Japan

Peter Möller
Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545, USA

We re-examine the effort to constrain the time-variability of the coupling constants of the fundamental interactions by studying the anomalous isotopic abundance of Sm observed at the remnants of the natural reactors which were in operation at Oklo about 2 billion years ago, in terms of a possible deviation of the resonance energy from the value observed today. We rely on new samples that were carefully collected to minimize natural contamination and also on a careful temperature estimate of the reactors. We obtain the upper bound -0.2± 0.8*10-17 y-1 on the fractional rate of change of the electromagnetic as well as the strong interaction coupling constants. Our result basically agrees with and even suggests some improvement of the result due recently to Damour and Dyson. Strictly speaking, however, we find another range of the resonance energy shift indicating a nonzero time variation of the constants. We find a rather strong but still tentative indication that this non-null range can be ruled out by including the Gd data, for which it is essential to take the effect of contamination into account.
The complete manuscript is available for download.
This manuscript has been assigned Los Alamos Preprint No LA-UR-98-5377.
Peter Moller
Created 2001, Last modified: Mon July 2 2012